> For clean Markdown of any page, append .md to the page URL.
> For a complete documentation index, see https://help.sigmacomputing.com/llms.txt.
> For AI client integration (Claude Code, Cursor, etc.), connect to the MCP server at https://help.sigmacomputing.com/_mcp/server.

# Geography functions

Geography functions aren't compatible with all data platform connections. To check if your connection supports these functions, see [Supported data platforms and feature compatibility](/docs/region-warehouse-and-feature-support#supported-data-platforms-and-feature-compatibility).

Geography functions enable you to work with the [geography data type](/docs/data-types-and-formats#geography) to analyze locations, routes, and other geospatial data. For example, you can use geography functions to transform data into compatible formats for [geography maps](/docs/build-a-geography-map).

| Function                       | Description                                                                                           |
| :----------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [Area](/docs/area)             | Calculates the area of a geography, in specified units.                                               |
| [Centroid](/docs/centroid)     | Calculates the geographic center of a geography.                                                      |
| [Distance](/docs/distance)     | Calculates the minimum distance between two geographies, in specified units.                          |
| [Geography](/docs/geography)   | Converts GeoJSON or WKT formats to the [geography data type](/docs/data-types-and-formats#geography). |
| [Intersects](/docs/intersects) | Determines if one geography intersects another geography.                                             |
| [Json](/docs/json-geography)   | Converts [geography data](/docs/data-types-and-formats#geography) to GeoJSON.                         |
| [Latitude](/docs/latitude)     | Returns the latitude component of a point.                                                            |
| [Longitude](/docs/longitude)   | Returns the longitude component of a point.                                                           |
| [MakeLine](/docs/makeline)     | Constructs a line from a series of points and line segments.                                          |
| [MakePoint](/docs/makepoint)   | Constructs a point from latitude and longitude data.                                                  |
| [Perimeter](/docs/perimeter)   | Calculates the perimeter of a geography, in specified units.                                          |
| [Text](/docs/text-geography)   | Converts [geography data](/docs/data-types-and-formats#geography) to WKT format.                      |
| [Within](/docs/within)         | Determines if one geography is fully within another geography.                                        |